资料图:美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀 摄
由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素,众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中,美国民主党议员继续抱团,多轮投票中,一票不投麦卡锡,共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折,除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外,与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面,共和党党内反对者认为,麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱,无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府,另一方面,因为共和党的多数优势微弱,党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大,有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外,党内反对者也认为,自己的选票没有换取更多利益,希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步,比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物,众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任,选举几乎没有悬念。然而,麦卡锡此次为当选,不得不做出多个关键让步,其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制,使得众议长的权力被削弱,难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称,麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步,这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下,党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上,美国两党相互拆台,陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内,也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系,相互对抗,选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举,“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈,长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力,其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病,美国所谓的“民主”形象,让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举,变成了政客们利益置换的游戏,进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能,不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
首家中国航司恢复国际定期客运航班 民航市场加速回暖****** 本报记者 施 露 1月18日11时,吉祥航空HO1325航班于上海浦东国际机场顺利起飞,搭载201名旅客直飞泰国清迈,首班航班客座率达99%。此外,当天飞往泰国普吉的吉祥航空HO1321航班也于16时30分起飞。 这是目前中国航司首批恢复的国际定期客运航班,有利于进一步有序推动出境游市场的健康恢复及提升航空市场活力。 销售数据显示,航班恢复当周,上述两条航线平均客座率超八成。随着出境游的热度不断升温及利好政策出台,旅游需求将得到持续、有序释放。 去哪儿大数据研究院院长兰翔对《证券日报》记者表示,“相对2019年的平均价格,目前国际机票价格处于高位,整体国际航班恢复至正常水平仍需一定时间。” 将发力泰国航线网络覆盖 1月18日上午,吉祥航空在上海浦东国际机场举行仪式,庆祝率先恢复上海浦东至泰国清迈、普吉航线的定期国际客运航班运营。“航空业正稳步迈向复苏,完全得益于各项政策的不断落地、优化。”吉祥航空董事长王均金对《证券日报》记者表示,“成功恢复上海浦东至泰国清迈、普吉航线的每日航班运营,是航空与旅游业复苏的重大里程碑。我们期待未来能有更多国际与地区航线得以恢复往日生机,这将为国家持续高水平对外开放提供源源不断的交通动力。” 根据航班编排计划,除了从2023年1月18日起分别执行每天1班上海浦东至泰国清迈、普吉的航线外,吉祥航空还将于近期对上海浦东至普吉航线实现增班至每周10班。 与此同时,吉祥航空将持续发力泰国航线网络覆盖,上海浦东至曼谷航线自原先每周1班加密至每周7班,其中每周三航班使用吉祥航空旗舰787-9梦想飞机直飞曼谷素万那普机场、其余日期航班将降落曼谷廊曼机场。未来,吉祥航空将视市场与客流情况,继续加密上海浦东至曼谷航线至每周8班。 “2023年是泰国旅游年,我们热烈欢迎中国游客到访泰国,体验历史悠久又富有地区特色的泰国文化,感受神奇泰国的新篇章。”泰国国家旅游局上海办事处处长罗兰在仪式现场表示,“我们期待吉祥航空未来能够开通更多泰中间直飞航线,通过航空运输的桥梁加深中泰一家亲的人文交流与两国传统友谊。” 民航业正快速修复 近日,吉祥航空控股股东——均瑶集团总裁、均瑶健康董事长王均豪公开表示,“航空市场正在快速恢复,不仅国际航班满座,国内航班也恢复到七八成的水平,随着中国春节的到来,还将继续回暖,相信国际航线还会不断加密班次。” 去哪儿大数据研究院副院长郭乐春认为,“出入境政策调整有利于促进国际航班有序恢复,但受限于国际航班编排审批,航班供给量不会大幅增加。目前计划航班数量仅400班,即使全部执飞也仅仅达到2019年的10%,机票价格仍处于高位。但是我们也看到,往返中国的直飞国际航班持续增多,恢复势头是可喜的。” 华泰证券在研报中表示,中长期来看,2023年或将成为我国民航复苏开启之年,我国民航业有望进入修复通道。供给端,机队增速放缓与内生需求之间的缺口逐年累积,将成为行业持续景气向上的重要催化剂,为航司收益水平和盈利上涨提供动力。 华创证券表示,春运首周(1月7日至1月13日),铁路、民航客运量单日已接近2019年春运同期的80%左右,国内民航旅客量发送量已达到2019年春运同期的85%左右。春运第八天(1月14日),全民航执行客运航班量12028架次,恢复至2019年春运同期的79.8%,其中国内航班量11752架次,恢复至2019年春运同期的94.5%。 数据显示,1月1日至13日,三大航航班量环比去年12月整体提升62.4%。另外,春秋航空环比提升23.8%,吉祥提升33.4%,华夏提升28%。票价上,1月14日全民航平均票价同比提升35%,较2019年同期提升8%。 从机场客流来看,今年春运至今,浦东机场日均航班量692班,较去年12月份日均航班量环比提升74%,航班量恢复至2019年春运同期的55%;白云机场日均航班量936班,较12月份平均提升129%,航班量恢复至2019年的74%,深圳机场日均航班量831班,航班量恢复至2019年的90%;三亚机场日均航班量383航班量恢复至2019年的105%。(证券日报) (文图:赵筱尘 巫邓炎) [责编:天天中] 阅读剩余全文() |